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003-
About Director
Terence Young
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Terence
Young
Date of Birth 20 June 1915
, Shanghai, China
Date of Death 7 September 1994 , Cannes, Alpes-Maritimes,
France (heart attack)
Born
in Shanghai
and Cambridge-educated, Terence Young began in
the industry as a scriptwriter. In the 1940s he
worked on a variety of subjects, including the
hugely popular wartime romance Dangerous Moonlight
(1941), set to Richard Addinsell's rousing "Warsaw
Concerto". His original story was devised
while listening to a concert in an army training
camp. As it turned out, Young was soon after involved
in the war himself, as a member of the Guards.
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By
the end of the decade Young had graduated to directing.
He made his debut with the psychological melodrama
Corridor of Mirrors (1948), starring Eric Portman
as a reclusive art collector obsessed with reincarnation
and murder. During the following decade Young
helmed a number of international co-productions,
which featured imported stars from Hollywood (Alan
Ladd in The Red Beret (1953); Olivia de Havilland
in That Lady (1955); Victor Mature in Safari (1956),
Zarak (1956) and No Time to Die (1958)). These
films were made by Warwick, an independent production
company created jointly by Irwin Allen and future
James Bond producer Albert R. Broccoli, and released
through Columbia. Production values were often
quite high, though scripts were of variable quality.
"Safari", for instance, looked great,
shot in Technicolor and CinemaScope on location
in Africa, which partly compensated for the trite
storyline.
Having
acquired the rights to all available James Bond
novels from Ian Fleming, producers Harry Saltzman
and Albert Broccoli secured the necessary funding
($1,250,000) from United Artists and hired Young
to direct the initial Bond entry, Dr. No (1962).
That film's success got him re-hired to direct
the next two Bond films, From Russia with Love
(1963) (Young's own personal favorite) and Thunderball
(1965). Young had acquired a solid reputation
as a master of action subjects, and all three
films move at a cracking pace. Exotic locales
provide the background for a seamless mix of technical
wizardry, sex, violence and tongue-in-cheek (sometimes
campy) dialogue. Unfortunately, these films also
marked the high point of Young's career, though
he did direct another eerily effective psychological
thriller, Wait Until Dark (1967), much in the
vein of Alfred Hitchcock.
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Among
a brace of forgettable European co-productions,
only two other films stand out: the bawdy, highly
entertaining all-star period comedy The Amorous
Adventures of Moll Flanders (1965) and an intriguing
expose of the inner workings--and dark beginnings--of
the Cosa Nostra (based on an actual informant's
testimony), entitled The Valachi Papers (1972).
After that, Young's output became more patchy
and his later career suffered as a result of two
disastrous projects: first, the Korean War epic
Inchon (1981), with Laurence Olivier badly miscast
as Gen. Douglas MacArthur. The enterprise was
reputedly financed by the Rev. Sun Myung Moon's
organization--aka the "Moonies"--to
the tune of $40 million. Film critic Vincent Canby
in the New York Times (September 17, 1982) referred
to the picture as "hysterical" and "foolish",
"the most expensive B-movie ever made".
The second flop, a financially troubled production,
was the predictably plotted spy thriller The Jigsaw
Man (1984). Completed in 1982, the film was held
back and not released until two years later. Young
directed just one more film after that and left
the industry in 1988. However, according to his
daughter, he was working on a documentary in Cannes
at the time of his death in September 1994. Though
he went on record in 1966, asserting that he had
grown rather tired of the Bond franchise, it is,
nonetheless, that for which we will ultimately
remember him. -
IMDb Mini Biography By: I.S.Mowis （IMDB)
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Trivia
During
World War II, he was a paratrooper in the British
army, and took part in the battle of Arnhem, Holland,
where he was wounded. Young was transferred to a
Dutch hospital, where he was nursed back to health.
One of the volunteer nurses who took care of him
was a 16-year-old Dutch girl named Audrey Heenstra
- who became better known as Audrey Hepburn. More
than 20 years later, he directed her in Wait Until
Dark (1967).
In his late years, he directed a six-hour documentary
on, and for, Libyan dictator Muammar Gadaffi in
Libya, titled "The Long Journeys" or "The
Long Days". The Portuguese given title was
"Os Longos Dias" (no release year), but
the film has never been screened outside Libya.
Doubled for terminally ill actor Pedro Armendáriz
in some of his long shots in From Russia with Love
(1963).
Directed his wife Dorothea Bennett's novel The Jigsaw
Man (1984).
He was in a helicopter which crashed over water
whilst filming From Russia with Love (1963). It
trapped the director below the surface for a considerable
time in an air bubble inside the copter's canopy.
He was rescued and then immediately went back behind
the camera with his arm in a sling.
Personal Quotes Of
all the Bond films I did, From Russia with Love
(1963) was the best.
Any fool can be uncomfortable. （IMDB) |
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Terence
Young (director)
Born Shaun Terence Young[1]
20 June 1915
Shanghai, China
Died 7 September 1994 (aged 79)
Cannes, France
Occupation Film director
Screenwriter
Spouse(s) Dorothea Bennett
Sabine Sun
Shaun
Terence Young (20 June 1915 – 7 September 1994) was a
British film director and screenwriter best known for
directing three James Bond films, Dr. No (1962), From
Russia with Love (1963), and Thunderball (1965).
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Biography
The
son of a Police Commissioner of the Shanghai Municipal
Police, Young was born in Shanghai, China and was public-school
educated. He read oriental history at St Catharine's
College in the University of Cambridge.
Commissioned
in the Irish Guards, Young was a tank commander during
World War II where he participated in Operation Market
Garden in Arnhem, Netherlands.
Film career
Young
began his film career as a screenwriter in British films
of the 1940s, working, for example, on Brian Desmond
Hurst's On the Night of the Fire (1939), Dangerous Moonlight
(1941) and A Letter From Ulster. In 1946, he returned
to assist Hurst with the script of Theirs is the Glory,
which recaptured the fighting around Arnhem bridge.
Arnhem, coincidentally, was home to the adolescent Audrey
Hepburn. During the filming of Young's film, Wait Until
Dark, Hepburn and Young would joke that he was shelling
his favorite star without even knowing it. Young also
directed an account of the Guards Armoured Division
They Were Not Divided.
Young's
first sole credit as director (and also Christopher
Lee's film debut) was Corridor of Mirrors (1948), an
acclaimed film made in France.
After
directing a few English films, Young directed several
films for Irving Allen and Albert R. Broccoli's Warwick
Films in the 1950s, including The Red Beret with Alan
Ladd. Young was also a story editor at Warwick. This
association led to his being offered the directorship
of the first two James Bond films.
Bond / Young
Young
had previously worked five years earlier with the then
relatively unknown Sean Connery, who was to play Bond,
on Action of the Tiger. For the first Bond film, Lois
Maxwell claimed that "Terence took Sean under his
wing. He took him to dinner, showed him how to walk,
how to talk, even how to eat."[2] It led to three
of the first four Bond films: Dr. No, From Russia with
Love, and Thunderball. They became financially and critically
successful and helped Sean Connery become a superstar
during the 1960s.
During
the filming of From Russia with Love, Young and a photographer
nearly drowned when their helicopter crashed into the
sea while filming a key sequence. They were rescued
by other members of the film crew. Young was back behind
the camera thirty minutes after being rescued.
Later work
Young
never made many films as popular as his mid sixties
work that included The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders
with husband and wife team Richard Johnson and Kim Novak,
and Wait Until Dark with Audrey Hepburn.
He
made many films in Europe, including The Poppy Is Also
a Flower (1965), Triple Cross (1966) - a story of Eddie
Chapman starring Christopher Plummer, Mayerling (1968),
L'Arbre de Noel (US: The Christmas Tree aka When Wolves
Cry) starring William Holden (1969), and several films
with Charles Bronson including Red Sun, Cold Sweat and
The Valachi Papers. Young also has story credit for
the French spy film Atout coeur à Tokyo pour OSS 117.
According
to Young, he was offered and turned down the direction
of For Your Eyes Only and Never Say Never Again.
Young
also replaced the original directors of The Klansman
and The Jigsaw Man. He undertook Sidney Sheldon's Bloodline
(1979) and Inchon (1981). Young was also the editor
of The Long Days or al-Ayyam al-Tawila, a six hour Iraqi
telenovela about the life of Saddam Hussein.[3]
Young
also directed Laurence Olivier in Inchon (1981) and
The Jigsaw Man (1982). Olivier and Young had been friends
since 1943 when Olivier had initially offered the direction
of his film Henry V (1944) to Young, who declined.[4]
His
wife was the novelist Dorothea Bennett. He died of a
heart attack at the age of 79 in Cannes. (WIKI)
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Filmography
( Director)
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Director
(40 credits)
1988 Run for Your Life
1984 The Jigsaw Man
1981 Inchon
1980 Al-ayyam al-tawila (unconfirmed, uncredited)
1979 Bloodline
1977 Woo fook
1975 Jackpot
1974 Klansman
1973 Le guerriere dal seno nudo
1972 The Valachi Papers
1971 Soleil rouge
1970 De la part des copains
1969 L'arbre de No??l
1968 Mayerling
1967 Wait Until Dark
1967 L'avventuriero
1966
Triple Cross
1966 Poppies Are Also Flowers
1965 Thunderball
1965 The Dirty Game
1965 The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders
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1963 From Russia with Love
1962 Dr. No
1961 Orazi e Curiazi (english version)
1961 1-2-3-4 ou Les collants noirs
1960 Too Hot to Handle
1959 Serious Charge
1958 No Time to Die
1957 Action of the Tiger
1956 Zarak
1956 Safari
1955 Storm Over the Nile
1955 That Lady
1953 The Red Beret
1952 Tall Headlines
1951 Valley of Eagles
1950 They Were Not Divided
1948 Woman Hater
1948 One Night with You
1948 Corridor of Mirrors (IMDB) |
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004-
About actors
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004-1
Anthony
Quinn
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Antonio
Rodolfo Quinn Oaxaca (April 21, 1915 – June 3, 2001),
more commonly known as Anthony Quinn, was a Mexican American
actor, as well as a painter and writer. He starred in
numerous critically acclaimed and commercially successful
films, including La Strada, The Guns of Navarone, Lawrence
of Arabia, Zorba the Greek, Guns for San Sebastian, The
Message and Lion of the Desert. He won the Academy Award
for Best Supporting Actor twice: for Viva Zapata! in 1952
and Lust for Life in 1956.(WIKI)
Anthony
Quinn was born Antonio Rudolfo Oaxaca Quinn on April 21,
1915, in Chihuahua, Mexico, to an Irish-Mexican father
and a Mexican mother. After starting life in extremely
modest circumstances in Mexico, his family moved to Los
Angeles, California, where he grew up in the Boyle Heights
and the Echo Park neighborhoods. In Los Angeles he attended
Polytechnic High School and later Belmont High, but he
eventually dropped out. The young Quinn boxed (which stood
him in good stead as a stage actor, when he played Stanley
Kowalski to rave reviews in Chicago), then later studied
architecture under Frank Lloyd Wright at the great architect's
studio, Taliesin, in Arizona. Quinn was close to Wright,
who encouraged him when Quinn decided to give acting a
try. After a brief apprenticeship in theatre, Quinn hit
Hollywood in 1936 and picked up a variety of small roles
in several films at Paramount, including an Indian warrior
in The Plainsman (1936), which was directed by the man
who later became his father-in-law, Cecil B. DeMille.....(IMDB)
In
the 1960s Quinn told Life magazine that he would fight
against typecasting. Unfortunately, the following decade
saw him slip back into playing ethnic types again, in
such critical bombs as The Greek Tycoon (1978). He starred
as the Hispanic mayor of a southwestern city in the short-lived
1971 TV series The Man and the City (1971), but his career
lost its momentum during the 1970s. Aside from playing
a thinly disguised Aristotle Onassis in the cinematic
roman-a-clef "The Greek Tycoon", his other major
roles of the decade was as Hamza in the controversial
1977 movie The Message (1977) (a.k.a. "Mohammad,
Messenger of God", as the Italian patriarch in L'eredità
Ferramonti (1976), yet another Arab in Caravans (1978)
and a Mexican patriarch in The Children of Sanchez (1978).
In 1983 he reprised his most famous role, Zorba the Greek,
t on Broadway in the revival of the musical "Zorba",
for 362 performances. Though his film career slowed during
the 1990s, he continued to work steadily in films and
television.
Quinn
lived out the latter years of his life in Bristol, Rhode
Island, where he operated a restaurant. He died in hospital
in Boston from pneumonia and respiratory failure linked
to his battle with throat cancer. He was 86 years old.(IMDB)
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004-2
Rosanna
Schiaffino
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| Rosanna
Schiaffino (November 25, 1939 – October 17, 2009)
was an Italian film actress. She appeared on the covers
of Italian, German, French, British and American magazines.
(WIKI) |
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Film
career
She began a promising acting career in the post-neorealist
cinema of the 1950s. She was noticed by film producer Franco
Cristaldi, who paired her with Marcello Mastroianni in Piece
of the Sky in 1959. More important was her second film for
him, La sfida (The Challenge), directed by Francesco Rosi,
where she made a name for her powerful but sensitive performance
as a Neapolitan girl, inspired by the real-life character
of Pupetta Maresca. The film was well received at the 1958
Venice festival.
Schiaffino
was launched as the "Italian Hedy Lamarr". However,
she would have been more appropriately introduced as the
new Italian sex goddess after Gina Lollobrigida and Sophia
Loren, but in the early 1960s that role was passing to
Claudia Cardinale.
In
1966 she married producer Alfredo Bini. After many further
films, none of them particularly notable, she decided
to give up the cinema and divorced Bini in 1976, with
whom she had a daughter. (More)
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004-3
Rita
Hayworth
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Hayworth
(born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918 – May 14, 1987)
was an American dancer and film actress who achieved fame during
the 1940s as one of the era's top stars. Appearing first as Rita
Cansino, she agreed to change her name to Rita Hayworth and her
natural dark brown hair color to dark red to attract a greater range
of roles. Her appeal led to her being featured on the cover of Life
magazine five times, beginning in 1940.[1]
Hayworth appeared
in a total of 61 films over 37 years. She is one of six women
who have the distinction of having danced on screen with both
Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly.[2] She is listed by the American
Film Institute as one of the 100 Greatest Stars of All Time.....(WIKI)
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004-4
Richard Johnson
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Richard
Johnson
(born 30 July 1927) is an English actor, writer and producer,
who starred in several British films of the 1960s and has also
had a distinguished stage career. He most recently appeared in
The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas. （WIKI)
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005-The
film and its background information
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01-The
location of the film story takes place-Toulon and Porquerolles
island （00:08:33-00:09:11 and 00:19:34-00:19:54）
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Napoleon
and the Siege of Toulon 1793
The
French Revolution transformed almost every aspect
of French public life, and grew arguably more radical
as the years passed. However, these changes were far
from universally popular, and as many French citizens
fled, others decided to rebel against a revolution
they saw as increasingly Parisian and extreme. By
1793 these rebellions had turned into widespread,
open and violent revolt, with a revolutionary army
/ militia sent out to crush these enemies within.
Toulon
The site of one such rebellion was Toulon, a port
on the south coast of France. Here the situation was
critical to the revolutionary government, as not only
was Toulon an important naval base – France was engaged
in wars against many of the monarchist states of Europe
– but the rebels had invited in British ships and
handed over control to their commanders. Toulon had
some of the thickest and most advanced defences, not
just in France, but in Europe, and would have to be
retaken by the revolutionary forces to help secure
the nation.
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Siege and the Rise of Napoleon Command of the revolutionary
army assigned to Toulon was given to General Carteaux, and
he was accompanied by a ‘representative on mission’, basically
a political officer designed to make sure he was being sufficiently
‘patriotic’. Carteaux began a siege of the port in 1793.
The
effects of the revolution on army had been severe, as many
of the officers had been nobility and as they were persecuted
they fled the country. Consequently, there were many open
spaces and plenty of promotion from lower ranks based on
ability rather than birth rank. Even so, when the commander
of Carteaux’s artillery was wounded and had to leave in
September, it wasn’t purely skill that got a young officer
called Napoleon Bonaparte appointed as his replacement,
as both he and the representative on mission who promoted
him – Saliceti – were from Corsica. Carteaux had no say
in the matter.
Major
Bonaparte now showed great skill in increasing and deploying
his resources, using a keen understanding of terrain to
slowly take key areas and undermine the British hold on
Toulon. Who played the key role in the final act is debated,
Napoleon played a vital role, and he was able to take full
credit when the port fell on December 19th 1793. His name
was now known by key figures in the revolutionary government,
and he was both promoted to Brigadier General and given
command of the artillery in the Army of Italy.(Here)
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Siege
of Toulon The
Siege of Toulon (18 September - 18 December 1793)
was an early Republican victory over a Royalist rebellion
in the Southern French city of Toulon. It is also
called the Fall of Toulon. After the arrest of the
Girondist deputies on the 31 May 1793, there followed
a series of insurrections within the French cities
of Lyon, Avignon, Ni6mes and Marseille. In Toulon,
the revolutionaries evicted the existing Jacobin faction
but were soon supplanted by the more numerous royalists.
Upon the announcement of the recapture of Marseille
and of the reprisals which had taken place there at
the hands of the revolutionaries, the royalist forces,
directed by the Baron d'Imbert, called for aid from
the Anglo-Spanish fleet. On 28 August, Admiral Sir
Samuel Hood of the Royal Navy and Admiral Juan de
Lángara of the Spanish Navy, committed a force of
13,000 British, Spanish, Neapolitan and Piedmontese
troops to the French royalists' cause. This was a
serious blow to the arms of the republic, as it was
a key naval arsenal of the country. If France were
to lose this port, there was no hope for her naval
ambitions. Which would mean by proxy that any ambition
to challenge the Allies, and specifically the British,
for control of the seas would be out of the question.
Not only that, but its loss could set a dangerous
precedent for other areas that menaced the republic
with revolt. The survival of the Republic was at stake.
On 1 October, Baron d'Imbert proclaimed the young
Louis XVII to be king of France, and hoisted the French
royalist flag of the fleur de lys, delivering the
town of Toulon to the British navy........
Despite
the mutual dislike between Bonaparte and his commanding
officer, the young artillery officer was able to muster
an artillery force that was worthy of a siege of Toulon
and the fortresses that were quickly built by England
in its immediate environs. He was able to requisition
equipment and cannon from the surrounding area. Guns
were taken from Marseilles, Avignon and the Army of
Italy. The local populace, which was eager to prove
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its
loyalty to the republicwhich it had recently rebelled against,
was blackmailed into supplying the besieging force with
animals and supplies. His activity resulted in the acquisition
of 100 guns for the force. With the help of his friends,
the deputies Saliceti and Augustin Robespierre, who held
power of life and death, he was able to compel retired artillery
officers from the area to re-enlist. The problem of manning
the guns was not remedied by this solution alone, and under
Bonaparte's intensive training he instructed much of the
infantry in the practice of employing, deploying and firing
the artillery that his efforts had recently acquired.
However,
in spite of this effort, Bonaparte was not as confident
about this operation as was later his custom. The officers
serving with him in the siege were incompetent, and he was
becoming concerned about the needless delays due to these
officers' mistakes. He was so concerned that he wrote a
letter of appeal to the Committee of Public Safety requesting
assistance. To deal with his superiors who were wanting
in skill, he proposed the appointment of a general for command
of the artillery, succeeding himself, so that "...
(they could) command respect and deal with a crowd of fools
on the staff with whom one has constantly to argue and lay
down the law in order to overcome their prejudices and make
them take steps which theory and practice alike have shown
to be axiomatic to any trained officer of this corps"........(More)
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02-French
Revolution （00:31:54-00:34:32）
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French
Revolution-Storming
of the Bastille 14 July 1789
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French
Revolution-Executed
Louis XVI
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French
Revolution
The
French Revolution (French: Révolution fran??aise) was
a period of radical social and political upheaval in
France from 1789 to 1799 that profoundly affected French
and modern history, marking the decline of powerful
monarchies and churches and the rise of democracy and
nationalism. Popular resentment of the privileges enjoyed
by the clergy and aristocracy grew amidst a financial
crisis following two expensive wars and years of bad
harvests, motivating demands for change. These were
couched in terms of Enlightenment ideals and caused
the convocation of the Estates-General in May 1789.
The first year of the Revolution saw members of the
Third Estate taking control, the assault on the Bastille
in July, the passage of the Declaration of the Rights
of Man and of the Citizen in August, and a march on
Versailles that forced the royal court back to Paris
in October. A central event of first stage was the abolition
of feudalism and the old rules, taxes, courts and privileges
left over from the age of feudalism on 4 August 1789.The
next stage was dominated by struggles between various
liberal assemblies and right-wing supporters of the
monarchy intent on thwarting major reforms. A republic
was proclaimed in September 1792. In a momentous event
that led to international condemnation, King Louis XVI
was executed on 21 January 1793.
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External
threats closely shaped the course of the Revolution.
The Revolutionary Wars beginning in 1792 ultimately
featured French victories that facilitated the conquest
of the Italian Peninsula, the Low Countries and
most territories west of the Rhine – achievements
that had eluded previous French governments for
centuries. Internally, popular agitation radicalized
the Revolution significantly, culminating in the
rise of Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins.
The dictatorship imposed by the Committee of Public
Safety during the Reign of Terror, from 1793 until
1794, caused up to 40,000 deaths inside France,[1]
abolished slavery in the colonies, and secured the
borders of the new republic from its enemies. The
Reign of Terror ended with the overthrow and execution
of Robespierre and the other leading Jacobins in
the Thermidorian Reaction. The Directory assumed
control of the French state in 1795 and held power
until 1799. In that year, conventionally seen as
the conclusion of the Revolution, Napoleon Bonaparte
overthrew the Directory in the coup of 18 Brumaire
and established the Consulate. The First Empire
under Napoleon emerged in 1804 and spread French
revolutionary principles all over Europe during
the Napoleonic Wars. The First Empire was militarily
defeated by an anti-Napoleonic coalition that in
1815 brought about the restoration of the Bourbons,
albeit under a constitutional monarchy, and the
reversion to France's traditional frontiers.The
modern era has unfolded in the shadow of the French
Revolution. French society itself underwent a transformation
as feudal, aristocratic, and religious privileges
disappeared and old ideas about tradition and hierarchy
were abruptly overthrown under the mantra of "Liberté,
égalité, fraternité". Globally, the Revolution
accelerated the rise of republics and democracies,
the spread of liberalism, nationalism, socialism
and secularism, the development of modern political
ideologies, and the practice of total war. Some
of its central documents, like the Declaration of
the Rights of Man, expanded the arena of human rights
to include women and slaves............(WIKI)
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The
1830 July Revolution and the July Monarchy
After
a long ministerial, then parliamentary crisis, Charles
X executed a constitutional takeover on 25th July
1830, turning the people of Paris against him. On
27th, 28th and 29th July 1830, known as the "Three
Glorious Days", the rioters erected
barricades in the streets and confronted the army
in bloody combat, resulting in more than one thousand
dead.
Charles X and the royal family fled from Paris.
The Liberal deputies brought the popular revolt
under control, and instated a constitutional monarchy.
One king came after another. The Bourbon dynasty
was replaced by the Orleans dynasty with Louis-Philippe
I. However, it was no longer an absolute monarchy,
and the white flag once again yielded to the Tricolore
topped by the Gallic cockerel. The King of France
was henceforth King of the French.(Here)
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Eugène
Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People for July
Revolution of 1830,
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03-The
Napoleonic Invasion of Egypt （01:20:10-01:22:03）
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French Campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was Napoleon
Bonaparte's campaign in the Orient, ostensibly to protect
French trade interests, undermine Britain's access to India,
and to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was
the primary purpose of the Mediterranean campaign of 1798,
a series of naval engagements that included the capture of
Malta.
Despite
many decisive victories and an initially successful expedition
into Syria, Napoleon and his Armée d'Orient were eventually
forced to withdraw, after sowing political disharmony in
France, conflict in Europe, and suffering the defeat of
the supporting French fleet at the Battle of the Nile.......
Before
departure from Toulon
Rumors
became rife as 40,000 soldiers and 10,000 sailors were gathered
in French Mediterranean ports. A large fleet was assembled
at Toulon: 13 ships of the line, 14 frigates, and 400 transports.
To avoid interception by the British fleet under Nelson,
the expeditions's target was kept secret. It was known only
to Bonaparte himself, his generals Berthier and Caffarelli,
and the mathematician Gaspard Monge.[2] Bonaparte was the
commander, with subordinates including Thomas Alexandre
Dumas, Kléber, Desaix, Berthier, Caffarelli, Lannes, Damas,
Murat, Andréossy, Belliard, Menou, and Zaj??czek. His aides
de camp included his brother Louis Bonaparte, Duroc, Eugène
de Beauharnais, Thomas Prosper Jullien, and the Polish nobleman
Joseph Sulkowski.
The
fleet at Toulon was joined by squadrons from Genoa, Civitavecchia
and Bastia and was put under the command of Admiral Brueys
and Contre-amirals Villeneuve, Du Chayla, Decrès and Ganteaume.
The
fleet was about to set sail when a crisis developed with
Austria, and the Directoire recalled Bonaparte in case war
broke out. The crisis was resolved in a few weeks, and Bonaparte
received orders to travel to Toulon as soon as possible.
It is claimed[by whom?] that, in a stormy meeting with the
Directoire, Bonaparte threatened to dissolve them and directeur
Reubell gave him a pen saying "Sign there, general!"
Bonaparte
arrived at Toulon on 9 May 1798, lodging with Beno??t Georges
de Najac, the officer in charge of preparing the fleet.
The army embarked confident in their commander's talent
and on 19 May, just as he embarked, Bonaparte addressed
the troops, especially those who had served under him in
the Armée d'Italie.......(Here)
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04-Brotherhood
of the coast （00:09:11-01:10:02
and 01:05:06-01:05:41）
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The first Brothers of the Coast were a band of adventurers
from France, England, Holland and some other nations; but
none from Spain, their common enemy. At the beginning they
were more hunters than sailors. They used to smoke fish and
meat. The smoked meat was called "boucan" and soon
they were known as "boucaniers," or, in English,
"buccaneers." They were established in the West
Indies (today the Antilles), most of them on the islands of
Hispaniola (today Haiti and the Dominican Republic) and Tortuga.
Later on, they associated with pirates and, in the 17th century,
were known as "flibustiers" in French or "freebooter"
in English. Many of them organized a society with one man
sharing with another all things in common. At sea, they had
some discipline and some rules. But, in general they were
very democratic. All captains were elected by the sailors
who, in turn, were free to join another ship when they were
tired of their captain. They had rules regarding the bounty
they captured or regarding their wounded companions.
They
called themselves the "Frères de la C?te" or "Brothers
of the Coast." Their golden age was the 17th century.
But when regular squadrons were sent out to protect the
interests of the planters, this golden age was over. By
the end of the 17th century, they were exterminated and
there were no more Brothers of the Coast........（Here）
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Brethren or Brethren of the Coast
were a loose coalition of pirates and privateers commonly
known as buccaneers and active in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries in the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean
Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
They
were a syndicate of captains with letters of marque
and reprisal who regulated their privateering enterprises
within the community of privateers and with their
outside benefactors. They were primarily private
individual merchant mariners of Protestant background
usually of English and French origin.
During
their heyday when the Thirty Years War was devastating
the Protestant communities of France, Germany and
the Netherlands while England was engaged in various
conflicts, the privateers of these nationalities
were issued letters of marque to raid Catholic French
and Spanish shipping and territories.
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primarily on the island of Tortuga off the coast of Haiti
and in the city of Port Royal on the island of Jamaica, the
original Brethren were mostly French Huguenot and British
Protestants, but their ranks were joined by other adventurers
of various nationalities including Spaniards, and even African
sailors, as well as escaped slaves and outlaws of various
sovereigns.In keeping with their Protestant and mostly Common
Law heritage the Brethren were governed by codes of conduct
that favored legislative decision-making, hierarchical command
authority, individual rights, and equitable division of revenues.Henry
Morgan are perhaps the most famous members of the Brethren
and the one usually noted with codifying its organization.
However, following the demographic changes which featured
the rise of slave labor in the Caribbean islands, most maritime
families moved to the mainland colonies of the future United
States or to their home countries. A few, unable to compete
effectively with slave labor, enamored of easy riches, or
out of angst continued to maintain the Brethren of the Coasts
as a purely criminal organization which preyed upon all civilian
maritime shipping. This second era of the Brethren began the
start of the age of piracy and brigandage which featured the
Caribbean until socioeconomic and military changes of the
late 18th and early 19th century finally broke its back.A
fictionalized, romanticized version of the Brethren was featured
in the Pirates of the Caribbean series of films.(Wiki)
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006-About
the novel and its auther Joseph Conrad
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Joseph
Conrad
Joseph
Conrad (born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski;:11–12
3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) was a Polish author
who wrote in English after settling in England.
He was granted British nationality in 1886, but
always considered himself a Pole.[note 1] Conrad
is regarded as one of the greatest novelists in
English, though he did not speak the language fluently
until he was in his twenties (and always with a
marked accent). He wrote stories and novels, often
with a nautical setting, that depict trials of the
human spirit in the midst of an indifferent universe.
He was a master prose stylist who brought a distinctly
non-English[note 2] tragic sensibility into English
literature.
While
some of his works have a strain of romanticism,
his works are viewed as modernist literature.
His narrative style and anti-heroic characters
have influenced many authors, including D. H.
Lawrence, T.S. Eliot, F. Scott Fitzgerald, William
Faulkner, Gerald Basil Edwards, Ernest Hemingway,
George Orwell,:254 Graham Greene, Malcolm Lowry,
William Golding, William S. Burroughs, Joseph
Heller, Italo Calvino, Gabriel García Márquez,
J. G. Ballard, Chinua Achebe, John le Carré, V.
S. Naipaul, Philip Roth, Hunter S. Thompson, J.
M. Coetzee and Salman Rushdie.
Films
have been adapted from, or inspired by, Conrad's
Almayer's Folly, An Outcast of the Islands, Heart
of Darkness, Lord Jim, Nostromo, The Secret Agent,
The Duel, Victory, The Shadow Line, and The Rover.
Writing
in the heyday of the British Empire, Conrad drew
on his native Poland's national experiences and
on his personal experiences in the French and
British merchant navies, to create short stories
and novels that reflect aspects of a European-dominated
world, while plumbing the depths of the human
soul. Appreciated early on by literary cognoscenti,
his fiction and nonfiction have gained an almost
prophetic cachet in the light of subsequent national
and international disasters of the 20th and 21st
centuries.(Here)
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| "The
Rover":
A
nautical psychological thriller from one of literature's
giants. From
Joseph Conrad, one of the modern masters of literature,
comes this tale of intrigue in the opening days
of the Napoleonic wars. Peyrol, a French pirate
from the Indian seas, returns to his home country
to find himself threatened by both British and French
forces. His flight through Imperial France, his
daring mission carrying dispatches through the British
blockade, and his doomed love affair with the daughter
of a French sailor are all related in Conrad's irresistibly
atmospheric and suspenseful style.（Here） |
| "Almayer's
Folly / the Rover"
:
From the rain forests of Almayer's Folly to the
Mediterranean coast of The Rover, Conrad's first
and final completed novels are played out against
contrasting backgrounds. Almayer, in Borneo, is
hopelessly obsessed by his deluded dreams for himself
and his daughter, which take no account of her falling
in love with a handsome Balinese prince. Peyrol,
the rover, returns to a France at war and finds
the actions of those around him still overborne
by memories of revolutionary terror. For the orphaned
Lieutenant Real and Arlette love offers release
but their romance seems doomed by the demands of
his naval duties. Conrad's acute understanding of
human psychology and its application across racial
and ideological divides is the life-force of both
stories （Here） |
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007-OST
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No.
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Name
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Audition
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001
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L'AVVENTURIERO
1
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002
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IL
ROGO DELLA STREDA
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003
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MOMENTI
SERENI
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004
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UN
ATTIMO DI TENERZZA
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005
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AGGUATO
NOTTURNO
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006
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L'AVVENTURIERO
2
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007
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TEMA
DI PEIROL
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008
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PEIROL
FORZA IL BLOCCO
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009
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IL
VARO
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010
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PAURA
DEI RICORDI
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011
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L'AVVENTURIERO
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Whole
film file 700 Kbps WMV format embeded CN and EN subtitle 608M
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Please
to complete the download before Aug. 31,2014 , thank you for co-operation.
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July
25, 2014
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